What do somatic effects of radiation exposure affect?

The correct answer highlights that somatic effects of radiation exposure are those that affect the individual who has been exposed to the radiation. These effects are specific to the individual's cells and tissue, leading to potential health issues such as radiation burns, cancer, or other physical ailments as a direct result of exposure.

Somatic effects do not involve genetic changes or impacts on offspring, which fall under the category of genetic effects. They are not broad enough to influence the entire population in a direct manner, as that would imply epidemiological consequences rather than effects on individual health. Additionally, the surrounding environment is not affected in a way that directly relates to the somatic health of the exposed individual, making the answer focused solely on the individual’s cellular effects accurate. Understanding this distinction is crucial for radiation workers in order to recognize the implications of exposure and the importance of safety protocols.