What is the common method used for detecting radioactive contamination?

The Geiger-Muller counter is widely recognized as a common method for detecting radioactive contamination due to its sensitivity and ease of use. This device operates by measuring ionizing radiation; when radiation passes through it, it creates ion pairs within the gas contained inside the detector, allowing it to produce audible clicks or visual readings that indicate the presence and intensity of radiation.

This method is particularly effective for detecting beta particles and gamma rays, which are common forms of radiation associated with contamination. Geiger-Muller counters are portable, making them suitable for use in various environments, such as nuclear facilities, research laboratories, and even field operations.

While other devices, like scintillation detectors and radiation survey meters, are also important tools in radiation detection, each has specific uses, and the Geiger-Muller counter remains one of the most prevalent due to its straightforward operation and immediate feedback, making it a popular choice for those conducting contamination surveys. A dosimeter, on the other hand, is primarily used for measuring the dose received by a person over time rather than for detecting contamination in the environment.